Ghana is set to receive up to Fifty Million United States Dollars (US$50,000,000.00) from the World Bank for reducing carbon dioxide emissions between 2019 and 2024.
This was disclosed by the Climate Change Manager of the World Bank, Mr. Erwin De Nys, on Wednesday, 9th November, 2022.
The amount is in return of some ten million tons of carbon dioxide emissions expected to be reduced by 2024 within a six million hectare stretch of the West African Guinean Forest.
Mr. De Nys was speaking at an event on Ghana’s Forest Solutions to Climate Change, organised by the Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources at the ongoing twenty-seventh session of Conference of Parties (COP27) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt.
He said Ghana has been an important and active member of the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility since its establishment in 2008, and is one of the first countries to transition to emission reduction programmes and results-based payments.
Mr. De Nys said the country will soon receive US$4.8 million, representing over nine hundred and seventy thousand (970,000) tons of verified and validated emission reductions between June and December, 2019.
He said the payment will be used to reward stakeholders in emission reduction, and boost confidence in Ghana’s REDD+ process. In addition to this payment, Mr. De Nys said Ghana will also benefit from the Enabling Access to Benefits while Lowering Emissions (EnABLE) Programme of the World Bank, to further reduce emissions and ensure social inclusion.
On his part, the Minister for Lands and Natural Resources, Samuel Abu Jinapor, called for strategic collaboration to bridge the climate financing gap. He said existing financing options are inadequate to deal with the enormity of the problem; and having missed the one hundred billion dollars ($100 billion) climate finance pledge made in Copenhagen, there is an urgent need for stakeholders to work together to bridge the gap between ambition and action.
Mr. Jinapor called on governments and all actors to deliver action beyond pledges and declarations.
“We are at a stage in the climate struggle where mere talk, commitments, declarations and/or pledges are not enough. Consistent with the clarion call of COP27, this is the time the world must “walk the talk” and get on with action and implementation of the many years of unfulfilled climate action promises”, the Minister said.
He said Ghana was committed to forest and nature-based solutions to climate change, which is evidenced by the over 547,000 hectares of degraded forests cultivated between 2017 and 2021, and the over thirty million trees planted under the Green Ghana Project, as well as the verified and validated emission reduction under the Ghana REDD+ Strategy.
He expressed his confidence in COP27, which has been termed action and implementation COP, to deliver real action towards limiting global warming to the one point five degrees Celsius (1.5ºC) target set out in the Paris Agreement.
The UNDP’s Principal Advisor on Climate and Forests, Tim Claris, who also spoke at the event, commended Ghana for her forest solutions to climate change, and said the country deserves to be rewarded for actions being taken in the forestry sector.
Category: News
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Ghana to receive $50 million for carbon dioxide reduction between 2019 and 2024
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BoG to review Cyber and Information Security Directive to ensure secured banking environment
The Bank of Ghana is currently in the process of reviewing the Cyber and Information Security Directive (CISD), 2018 to ensure that risk management practices is adhered to by all Regulated Financial Institutions (RFIs), whilst a secured environment is created within the “cyberspace”.
It is therefore admonishing all RFIs to pay particular attention to the increased cyber security risks and Anti-Money Laundering/Combating the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) issues associated with digitalization.
Speaking at the 2022 Ghana Credit Excellence Awards organised by the Chartered Institute of Credit Management, Freitas Donatus, Assistant Director, Banking Supervision Department of Bank of Ghana who spoke on behalf of the Governor of Bank of Ghana, said RFIs should be guided by this directive in order to minimise risks in their digital operations.
“Remaining competitive will largely require RFIs to continue investing in technologies that will not only enhance online and mobile banking capabilities, but also the overall customer experience. To this end financial institutions have various solutions at their disposal including”.
Most financial institutions are digitising their risk functions at a relatively slow pace, taking modular approaches to targeted areas; and the banking sector is no exception. Mr. Donatus said the Bank of Ghana’s Risk Management Directive, 2021 (RMD) offers guidance to RFIs to develop robust Risk Management Frameworks (RMFs) to aid in identifying, measuring, evaluating, controlling, mitigating and reporting material risks within their institutions.
Again, credit delivery is hampered by manual processes for data collection, underwriting, and documentation, as well as data issues affecting risk assessment and the slow cycle times affecting the customer experience.
The Deputy Director of the Banking Supervision urged RFIS to employ Digital Credit Risk Management since it employs automation, connectivity, and digital delivery as well as decision making to alleviate these bottlenecks.
In this regard, he explained that value is created in three ways by protecting revenue, improving risk assessments, and reducing operational costs.
Going forward, he said the Bank of Ghana would continue to ensure collaboration with other financial sector regulators to focus their attention on business model viability, Governance, Risk Management, Consumer Protection, Cyber Security and Regulatory Sandboxes on Market Development and Innovation to build the necessary safeguards against emerging risks.
The potential of the banking and financial services sector to advance digitalisation has been demonstrated on the continent.
The Bank of Ghana added that it has adopted a forward-looking approach to regulation and will continue to encourage the sector players to follow suit in pursuit of the advancement and development of the financial services sector.
The 2022 Ghana Credit Excellence Awards which was under the “Accelerating Digital Transformation in the Banking and Financial Services Industry: From Crisis to Growth” aimed at ensuring robust risk management practices by RFIs and pay particular attention to increase cyber security risk and AML/CFT issues associated with digitalization.
The ceremony also provided an opportunity for networking among players and open dialogue between stakeholders in the banking and specialised deposit-taking institutions sectors that focus on integrating cyber and information security process and leveraging on third-party Payment Services Providers and Electronic Money Issuers to provide value added service to their customers.
Access Bank PLC was the SME Bank of the Year, whilst Ghana Import – Export Bank was the Agribusiness Bank of the Year. Bank of Africa was the Best Bank in Trade Finance whereas Atwima Kwanwoma Rural Bank PLC was the Rural Bank of the Year.
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Inflation rises to 40.4%
Year on year inflation measured by the Consumer Price Index, (CPI) has increased to 40.4 percent for the 12 months period end October, 2022 from 37.2 percent recorded at the of September, 2022, after months of rapid currency depreciation.
Ghana’s cedi had one of its worst months on record in October and has lost around half its value against the dollar in 2022. It has been Africa’s worst performing currency this year, according to the World Bank.
“It’s possible that the impact of the exchange rate changes will linger on for some number of months,” said government statistician Samuel Kobina Annim, adding the duration of the impact would depend on how effective polices are in the next two to three months at mitigating the effects.
October inflation was highest in the category of housing, water, electricity and gas, with prices up 69.6%. Furniture, household equipment and maintenance came second, at 55.7%, and transport, including fuel, was third at 46.3%.
Food inflation rose to 43.7%, from 37.8% last month, driven higher by items such as water, milk, eggs and sugar, according to the statistics agency.
Ghana’s dollar-denominated sovereign bonds fell, on a day when many emerging market assets were gaining on hopes that the U.S. Federal Reserve would pare back its interest rate hikes. Its longest-dated 2061 maturity was down the most, by 0.742 cents to 32.675 cents on the dollar.
The central bank has hiked its main lending rate by 10 percentage points since the start of the year in attempt to hold back inflation and slow the cedi’s depreciation.
The food inflation recorded the highest rate among all the components as against non-food inflation, according to figures from the Ghana Statistical Service. The increase by food inflation indicates a jump of more than 3% from the previous rate of 37.2%.
The other four divisions are Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels (69.6%); Furnishings, Household Equipment ad Routine Household Maintenance (55.7%); Transport (46.3%) and Personal Care, Social Protection and Miscellaneous Goods and Services (45.5%).
Food inflation was 43.7% in the month of October 2022, compared with 37.8% in September 2022. It has bigger weight than the above divisions.
Eight subclasses in the food inflation group recorded higher rates. This was distantly led by Water (64.3%) followed by Milk, Other Dairy Products and Eggs (58.9%) and Sugar, Confectionery and desserts (54.6%).
Also in the case of month-on-month food inflation nine subclasses record rates higher than the national average. Milk and Other Dairy Products and Eggs recorded the highest, 7.8%.
Non-food Inflation was however 37.8% in October 2022, from 36.8% recorded in September 2022.
Addressing the media, Government Statistician, Professor Samuel Kobina Annim explained that all items in the component for calculating the rate of inflation recorded an increase.
Inflation for locally produced items was 39.1%, whilst inflation for imported items was 43.7%.
Eastern Region recorded the highest inflation of 51.1% in Ghana in October 2022.
It was followed by Greater Accra region (49.1%) and the Savannah region (47.6%).
The region with the least inflation was Volta (25.8%).
The Central Region (57.9%) recorded the highest food inflation while Greater Accra recorded the highest non-food inflation (53.2%).
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Ghanaians call for massive reduction in e-levy rate
Section of Ghanaians have called for a massive reduction in the rate of the Electronic Transaction Levy (E-levy) to encourage willingness to pay.
Sharing his expectations, the Director of the Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER) of the University of Ghana advised government to use the 2023 Budget as a big opportunity to correct the policy by reducing the rate significantly to encourage the public to pay the tax.
He maintained that the budget gives government a unique chance to rebuild confidence in Ghanaians, by listening to the public through a reduction in the e-levy.
“E-levy can be made better. It can be made more efficient. Let us reduce the rate to 0.5% and I am sure we can raise a lot of revenue,” Prof. Peter Quartey has said in Accra, last week, during a pre-budget discussion.
The E-Levy, which was introduced in the 2022 Budget has performed poorly, raking in just about 10% of the expected revenue three months after its implementation. The levy, which was originally pegged at 1.75% was reduced to 1.5 percent after public agitations against the policy.
Giving some more recommendations, Prof. Quartey stated that government can improve tax collection by bringing back road toll to improve revenue mobilisation.
He pointed out that road toll is one of the most effective ways to collect and account for taxes.
“I think that we can properly digitise road tolls through public-private partnership to make the collection of taxes effective. I think government must consider bringing the road tolls back”, he said.
Also, the President of the Association of Ghana Industries (AGI), Dr. Humphrey Ayim-Darke also called for a reduction of E-levy to cushion the operations of businesses.
He stated that the levy in its current state imposes extra burden on businesses, already struggling with the current economic conditions in the country.
“The E-levy must be reduced”, he said, explaining that businesses and consumers will always find legal means to avoid taxes if it increases their economic hardship.
“We think one place that can be improved is the VAT system. We must block the loopholes in our VAT system and not introduce new taxes like e-levy that is not working” he said.
Dr. Ayim-Darke also called on the Finance Minister to reduce taxes on raw materials for industry.
He stated that such a policy will strengthen the operations of local industries to be globally competitive.
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SEC not informed on possible debt restructuring and ‘haircut’
Adnan Adams Mohammed
The Director General of Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) says he does not have details regarding the potential debt restructuring.
SEC boss, however, has dismissed the perception that the ‘mark-to market’ valuation method in the valuation of investment assets or securities is a ‘haircut’.
The ‘haircut’ policy may be implemented if the country embarks on a debt restructuring as a result of a condition by the International Monetary Fund before Ghana can secure a programme.
“There is a lot of speculation as to what government will do or what government will agree with the IMF regarding its debt to ensure sustainability. We don’t have the details but there is a speculation in the system about the haircut”, Rev. Daniel Ogbarmey-Tetteh disclosed on a radio programme last week.
“But when we talk about that ‘mark-to-market’, it has nothing to do with the haircut. We just say that it is a valuation approach or methodology that we want the fund managers to use to indicate to the investing public that looking at the current market price of the securities you have invested in, this is what the value will be…it is nothing about haircut at all”, he explained.
Furthermore, Rev. Ogbamey-Tetteh said there is a concept of unrealised gain and unrealised loss, noting, “When it comes to investment, when there is a decline in your investment and you sell or you exit, then you locked in that loss”.
“But because of the fact that market prices can move up and down overtime, it is possible for whatever decline you would have relaised will be erased”, he added.
He however urged fund managers to be transparent with investors who are seeking to know the true value of their investments.
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Cedi depreciation to hike inflation further
Adnan Adams Mohammed
The Government Statistician has indicated that the effect of the depreciation of the local currency, the cedi against major trading currencies (especially, the U.S Dollar) would continue to affect the rate of inflation in the country.
“The policy decision to be taken in the next few months will determine if the current volatilities in the exchange rate will continue to influence inflation or not”, Professor Samuel Kobina Annim said.
Year-on-Year October 2022 inflation surged to 40.4% with imported inflation recording very high rate than locally produced items. Inflation for locally produced items was 39.1%, whilst inflation for imported items was 43.7% in the month of October 2022.
This shows the sharp relationship the Cedi depreciation has on the untamed imported inflation. However, the Finance Minister has reiterated government’s commitment to stabilising the Ghana cedi by the end of the year. According to him, government together with the Bank of Ghana have adopted measures including dealing with speculation which he described as one of the major causes of the depreciation of the cedi in recent times.
“As the Minister of Finance, no one needs to tell me the ravages of the cedi depreciation which has become an albatross on the neck of our local industries and the high cost of living for all citizens”, Ken Ofori-Atta admitted at an Association of Ghana Industries (AGI) forum in Accra, last week.
Professor Annim, therefore, believes a drastic policy decision can make a huge impact on the rate of inflation.
“In terms of how the exchange rate is impacting on this [inflation], one has to look at two things, thus the past through effects and how many items experience the effects as well as the timing of the effects”.
“So it is possible that the impact of the exchange rate will linger on for a number of months. But the determination of the months will depend on the kind of policy to be introduced in the next two to three months”, he pointed out.
He added that “so whether we peak or not will depend on what is happening and the items that are going to be affected and the price increases”.
Meanwhile, Mr. Ofori-Atta after giving assurance to captains of industry, charged industry to increase their productive capacity to stimulate job creation, adding that “we cannot continue to be a nation of importers.”
He cited an example such as the country imports about GH¢4 billion worth of fish, GH¢1.9 billion worth of chicken and GH¢487 million worth of meat in 2022.
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Govt’s revenue underperformance poses risk to fiscal consolidation
By Elorm Desewu
The government’s revenue underperformance has complicated fiscal policy implementation in the country, according to the Bank of Ghana’s Monetary Report.
The report said persistent uncovered auctions and portfolio reversals by non-resident investors continue to pose risks to financing of the budget, resulting in monetization of the budget deficit by the central bank.
So far, financing of the budget has predominantly been from the banking sector with the central bank absorbing a larger share.
The budget implementation, for the first nine months of 2022, recorded an elevated overall cash deficit of 6.4 percent of GDP, against the revised programmed target of 5.0 percent of GDP.
Total receipts of GH¢51.49 billion representing 8.7 percent of GDP fell short of projected target of GH¢60.08 billion which was 10.2 percent of GDP, and represented 85.7 percent of the budgeted estimate. Total payments of GH¢89.04 billion representing 15.0 percent of GDP was almost on target, representing 99.5 percent of GH¢89.46 billion or 15.1 percent of GDP.
The deficit of GH¢37.56 billion, together with net foreign loan repayments of GH¢3.54 billion, created a resource gap of GH¢41.1 billion, which was financed from domestic sources and use of resources from the stabilization fund.
The stock of public debt at the end of July 2022 stood at GH¢402.4 billion, showing an increase of GH¢50.6 billion over the end December 2021 stock of GH¢351.8 billion. In terms of GDP, the total public debt as at end-July 2022 was 68.0 percent, compared with 76.6 percent recorded in December 2021.
The domestic component was GH¢190.2 billion (32.1 percent of GDP), representing a year-to-date increase of 4.7 percent and accounting for 47.3 percent of the total public debt, lower than the 51.7 percent recorded in December 2021.
The increase was driven mainly by increases of GH¢7.5 billion and GH¢752.5 million in the medium and long-term instruments respectively, which was offset by a decrease of GH¢0.4 million in the short-term instruments.
In terms of the holding structure, the non-bank and banking sectors recorded year-to-date increases of GH¢11.7 billion and GH¢2.4 billion respectively. However, the non-resident investors holdings decreased by GH¢5.6 billion over the period.
On year-to-date basis, total external debt, in US dollar terms, decreased by US$303.4 million to US$28.0 billion. However, due to exchange rate effect, total external debt increased by GH¢42.1 billion to GH¢212.1 billion (35.8 percent of GDP) at the end of July 2022. External debt also constituted 52.7 percent of total public debt at the end of July 2022, compared to 48.3 percent in December 2021.
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Press Release: Government’s Approach To New Property Rate Regime Illegal And Counterproductive
After a painstaking analysis and consideration of government’s newly proposed Property Rate regime, Governance Watch has come to the conclusion that the initiative although laudable in principle, is unlawful and counterproductive in its current form.
We have taken this view because the new arrangement flies in the face of the Local Government Act and has the potential of depriving our already under-financed and impoverished MMDAs of funds if allowed.
The Finance Minister in his presentation of the 2022 Budget Statement and Fiscal Policy of Government, specifically at paragraph 303, recognizing the potential contribution of property rates to Government’s revenue mobilization effort stated in part:
“Government, through the Ghana Revenue Authority will from January 2022, assist the MMDAs to implement a common platform for property rate administration to enhance Property rate collections and its accountability.”
While underscoring the critical role and mandate of MMDA’s to collect Property Rates, the Minister made a commitment to Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs) thus;
“To ensure cost recovery by Government in providing the infrastructure for the collection of the Property Rate, a sharing ratio will be agreed with the Assemblies.”
We do appreciate government’s efforts to enhance its revenue mobilization through innovation and strengthening of tax compliance. However, this does not justify government hiding behind enhancing revenue collection to violate the laws of the country and in effect, shortchange the Ghanaian people.
It is against this backdrop that we have through our continuous vigilance uncovered a dubious single-sourced contract signed by the Ministry of Local Government, Decentralization and Rural Development with a service provider to develop a unified common platform for property rate collection. The amorphous service provider who has no track record whatsoever in the area of revenue collections, is expected to provide the funding for the evaluation of properties and to undertake the collection of property rates.
This arrangement contravenes Section 144 of the Local Governance Act 2016, (Act 936), which provides that: “A District Assembly shall be the only authority to levy rates for a District despite any customary law to the contrary.”
Per the provisions of Act 936, the Minister of Finance and by extension, the Ministry of Finance has no power to sign a deal that seeks to centralize the collection of property rates and give responsibilities of MMDAs across the country to a single company.
It is worthy of note that, under the new property rate regime, only 30% of property rates collected by the service provider through the common platform will be remitted to MMDAs. The remaining 70% will be shared among the Ghana Revenue Authority, the Ministry of Finance and the service provider. This arrangement is not only unlawful, but has the potential of depriving MMDAs of a substantial chunk of property rate revenues thereby weakening them further and stifling local level development.
We are deeply concerned that this arrangement and the profit-sharing arrangement therein, if not immediately halted, can become yet another vehicle for misappropriation and misapplication of public funds as we have seen in times past.
The mandate of MMDAs to mobilize resources at their level to aid development at the local level strikes at the core of decentralization.
Under the laws of this country, only MMDAs have the mandate to undertake or to engage third parties to on their behalf, to undertake revenue collections in their jurisdictions. Section 161 Subsection (2) of Act 936 is clear about this, stating thus: “A District Assembly may, in writing, authorise any suitable person, to be a rate collector in respect of a specified area of a district”.
It goes without saying therefore, that mandating the Ghana Revenue Authority to develop a common platform for the collection of property rates which is what has culminated in the award of a single-sourced contract to a service provider to collect property rates in the country, is illegal as no such mandate has been extended to any body or institution apart from District Assemblies.
Section 153 of Act 936 provides clarity on the entities and individuals responsible for rate assessment which specifically are the Regional Minister and District Assembly. No such responsibility is extended to the Minister of Finance or the Ghana Revenue Authority.
Also, in furtherance of the mandate of the Assemblies and to ensure that revenues accruing from property rates are properly accounted for, Sections 161 and 162 of Act 936 make clear where payments accruing from such rates are to be channeled. Particularly, Section 161, Subsection 3(c) states that: “A rate collector shall pay the amounts collected to the District Assembly concerned”. This renders a complete illegality, the engagement of an agent for the collection of these revenues into a centralized GRA account.
In view of the forgoing, we are of the conviction that the new property rate regime the Akufo-Addo/Bawumia government is seeking to introduce is illegal and counterproductive, as it portends grave danger for the finances of local assemblies and local level development. This is particularly so, given the devastating effects of the undue delay in Common Fund releases and the debilitating effects of the obnoxious Capping and Realignment program on the finances of MMDAs and local level development.
It is totally unacceptable for government to disregard the law and award a contract that constitutes a usurpation of the powers of MMDAs in the name of property rate collections. We are of the considered view that any attempts to review and/or strengthen the property rate regime of the country as a means of increasing revenue must be done at the local level by MMDAs and not the Finance Ministry and/or the Ghana Revenue Authority. At best, efforts can be geared towards building the capacity of the District Assemblies to undertake this exercise which falls directly within their legal mandate.
We therefore call on Government to immediately halt this unlawful and counterproductive initiative. More importantly, we wish to call on Parliament to exercise its oversight responsibility over the Executive on this matter by ensuring strict compliance with the laws of the country by the government.
We wish to serve notice, and notice is hereby served, that Government must forthwith, cease any further steps towards implementing the said illegal contract awarded, failing which we will be compelled to resist same through every lawful means, including massive street protests.
Signed:
Stephen Kwabena Attuh
Executive Director, Governance Watch Ghana
0547349026
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BoG decry allegation of conspiring with third forces to transfer funds offshore
The Bank of Ghana has debunked allegations by the Director of Research at the Ghana Trades Union Congress (GTUC), Dr. Kwabena Nyarko Otoo, that it is collaborating with some operatives at Cow-lane in Accra to illegally transfer funds offshore.
The Central Bank says it vehemently denies the said allegations and also considers them extremely reckless.
“We would have expected that such strong allegations would have been supported by the requisite evidence, and not left at pure conjecture, mere suspicion or hearsay. This is especially so considering the quarters from which the allegations were made”, it pointed out.
Dr. Kwabena Nyarko Otoo according to the BoG passed the unfortunate remark about the Central Bank.
“We advise the general public to completely disregard these comments and be assured that we, as a Central Bank, are focused on our mandate of price stability, and doing all within our power to reduce the rising general level of prices. We are doing this guided by our core values of accountability, professionalism and integrity, and in accordance with law”.
The Bank of Ghana also noted that it is working with other stakeholders including law-enforcement agencies to discourage and sanction persons who engage in illegal foreign exchange activities in the country.
The Central Bank, however, “advises the public to desist from making any such unfounded allegations in the future and to crosscheck same with Bank of Ghana”.
The Central Bank also disclosed it is working with the law enforcement agencies to penalise illegal foreign exchange operators.
“Bank of Ghana is also working with other stakeholders including the law enforcement agencies to discourage and penalise the activities of illegal foreign exchange operators in the country,” the BoG said.
It also advised “the public to desist from making any such unfounded allegations in the future and to crosscheck same with Bank of Ghana.”
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Industry players call for introduction of import license
Captains of the industries have called on government to introduce an import license policy to regulate the country’s imports.
An import license is a document issued by a national government authorizing the importation of certain goods into its territory.
The private sector stakeholders believe such a move has become critical as a measure to preserve some of the country’s forex and also prevent an influx of foreign made goods in the country’s markets.
“People look at import license as a barrier but it is needed to justify why we have to allow you to spend our foreign exchange to import certain commodities”, CEO of the Private Enterprise Federation (PEF), Nana Osei Bonsu said in an interview last week, urging government to do all it can to strengthen the cedi and economy.
“It is just to find ways to tell the authorities that this is needed in the country but when we have things that are available in volumes and people are still bringing them in and undercutting the price locally it does not enable the local people compete. The license will make people tell us why they need to import certain goods using our valuable and limited resources. It can also avoid the case where, for instance, you bring an amount of pillows that will not even be needed for the next ten years. Import license is needed, it shouldn’t be imposed. It will help us as a country limit our exposure to weakening the economy.”
Nana Osei Bonsu said this at the sidelines of the launch of the Youth Entrepreneurship Summit and Expo which will commence on the 7th of December and ends on the 11th of December 2022 at Kumasi.
The Summit seeks, among other things, to bring together a minimum of two hundred (200) young entrepreneurs with established and existing businesses from across the length and breadth of the country under the theme “EMPOWERINGYOUTH ENTERPRISES FOR SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIALIZATION.”
According to the organizers of the event considering the nation’s target to become an entrepreneurial nation, this theme will bring together various stakeholders, including young entrepreneurs, policymakers, the private sector, and researchers, to explore, ideate, collaborate, and generate new approaches that respond to the ever-changing needs, challenges, and dreams of young entrepreneurs.
The four-day event will comprise presentations by carefully selected technocrats and professionals, panel discussions, focused group discussions, and question and answer segments, among other tools.